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R&D Expenditure

Malaysia's GERD has been on an upward trend since 1996. During 2008, 277 organizations including 204 companies were surveyed for 2006 R&D programs. During 2006, 3.6 million RM was spent for R&D, compared to 2.8 million during 2004. Out of 3.6 million, 1.3 million was spent on applied sciences & technology and 1.54 million was spent on engineering and material sciences. R&D density for 2006, was 0.64% R&D expenditure data from National R&D Survey and UNESCO is presented below.

Table: Breakup of R&D Expenditure
SourceNational R&D SurveyUNESCO
YearYear: 2006-07Year: 2006
Unitsmillion RMmillion PPP USD
Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D3,6472,085.00
R&D Expenditure by spending sector:  
Business/Industry3,0961,770.40
Government 190108.35
Higher Education361206.29
Private &/or non-profit/FFRDCs  
Others  
R&D Expenditure by source of funds  
Business/Industry 1,766.70
Government 103.40
Higher Education 201.90
Foreign 4.10
Other sectors (e.g. Public Research Institutes)  
Others 9.00
Source: (1) National Survey of R&D: 2008 by MOSTI (2) UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2009 edition