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USA: R&D Expenditure

As per OECD data, GERD for 2007 was 368,799 million PPP USD. UNESCO has also released data which is more or less the same. As per National Science Foundation (NSF) report, U.S. R&D expenditure was $340 billion in 2006. In 2006, the United States performed an estimated $62 billion of basic research, $75 billion of applied research, and $204 billion of development. NSF data does not include health research. National Institutes of Health, responsible for health research annually invests over $28 billion in medical research and provide grants to more than 325,000 researchers. R&D expenditure data from NSF, UNESCO and OECD data is presented below.

Table: Breakup of R&D Expenditure
SourceNSF dataUNESCOOECD
YearYear: 2007Year: 2007Year: 2007
UnitsUSD millionUSD millionUSD million
Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D368,098368,799368,799
R&D Expenditure by spending sector:   
Business/Industry269,782265,193265,166
Government 24,74439,34739,461
Higher Education54,98948,91349,050
Private &/or non-profit/FFRDCs18,58215,346 
Others   
R&D Expenditure by source of funds   
Business/Industry245,027245,027244,883
Government98,331102,258102,157
Higher Education9,8669,866 
Foreign   
Other sectors (e.g. Public Research Institutes)11,64711,648 
Others3,226  
Source: (1) National Pattern of R&D Resources 2007 (2) UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2009 edition (3) OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators database, May 2009.