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R&D Expenditure

GERD during 2008 was 29 billion C$ and R&D density is 1.82 for the year 2008. Statistics Canada has released a preliminary figure of 16.15 C$ billion as Business R&D expenditure for the year 2009. Out of this 1.29 billion C$ will be spent towards capital expenditures. Business is the main R&D performing sector of the economy and its research is usually targeted at proprietary product development. While most of business research is performed by the sector itself, it also enters into collaborative arrangements with other sectors. University research is the fastest growing component and Research activity is widely dispersed among many institutions but a small number account for much of the activity. Data from Statistics Canada and OECD is presented below:

Table: Breakup of R&D Expenditure
SourceNational R&D SurveyOECD
YearYear: 2008Year 2008
UnitsC$ millionmillion PPP USD
Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D29,07123,781.0
R&D Expenditure by spending sector:  
Business/Industry16,31613,341.1
Government 2,7862,283.0
Higher Education9,8378,038.0
Private &/or non-profit/FFRDCs132118.9
Others  
R&D Expenditure by source of funds  
Business/Industry14,38611,771.6
Government6,6867,443.5
Higher Education4,532 
Foreign2,6162,140.3
Other sectors (e.g. Public Research Institutes)850 
Others 2,449.4
Source: (1) Statistics Canada, Innovation Analysis Bulletin, July 2009 (2) OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators database, May 2009.