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The following is a brief introduction to China’s S&T programs currently under implementation, namely the S&T programs under the 10th five-year planning system. They reflect the current status of China’s S&T programs. During the 10th five-year plan period, China’s S&T program system is supposed to mainly work on three issues: firstly make direct state R&D input in S&T activities; secondly make guiding R&D input on behalf of the state; and last but not least build up the macro environment for R&D input, including infrastructure construction such as research bases as well as soft environment construction such as policies, laws and regulations. The Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology has worked out a so-called ‘3 plus 2’ national S&T planning system for the 10th five-year plan. The '3 plus 2' system is made of two components with 3 referring to the master part composed of 3 core R&D programs and 2 referring to the 2 groups of programs for S&T environment and conditions. Master part is composed of 3 core programs:
2 groups of programs include:
In the next few years, the implementers of national S&T programs will remain dominated by China’s domestic R&D institutes and universities, though other types of institutions or individuals, such as enterprises, overseas institutions or individuals may, upon passing relevant qualification examination, be contracted to implement S&T programs.
Technology policy concerns the issues integrating technological, economical and social factors.
Beijing launched China's new State Commission for Administration of Standardization on October 11, 2001. Standardization, which was previously administered by the former State Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau, has become increasingly important as China has been expanding the market economy in depth and will soon be admitted into the World Trade Organization
The country is now a member of more than 100 technical committees and over 500 subcommittees with the International Standardization Organization (ISO), and a member of 85 technical committees and 124 subcommittees with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). It also undertakes the work as the secretariat of one ISO technical committee and another five ISO subcommittees. The country has also worked out and submitted some 40 drafts for international standards to the ISO and IEC, many of which have been accepted as internationally recognized standards.
Goal: Develop new products and nurture new industries, and realize leapfrog progress through project implementation while emphasizing on innovative breakthroughs and the principle of ˇ°leaving something undone to focus on othersˇ±.
Mechanism: Introduce and explore new mechanisms; vigorously promote the implementation of three major strategies, namely Human Resource Strategy, Patent Strategy and Standards Strategy which form new breakthrough points for mechanism and system innovations; gather talented people and research teams through project implementation.
Organization: Pool strengths from different sectors and vigorously promote collaboration among central government agencies and between central and local authorities in order to mobilize all concerned parties and establish a joint promotion mechanism.
Implementation: Integrate government guidance with market-driven, promote innovation and input patterns with industries as the principal entities, and realize the integration of industry-university-research institute.
Management: Practice classified management, establish a project responsibility system and strive to realize reform targets. During the 10th Five-year Plan period, the 12 mega-projects will be granted a total investment of approximately RMB 20 billion (USD 2.4 billion). Basic principles for the approval of major projects are as follows:
1) The State provides priority support to promote projects concerning S&T issues that have strategic impacts on national construction and development.
2) The project provides technical support to address major issues that urge early solutions in national economic and social development.
3) The project promotes construction of an S&T innovation-based platform and helps build up national competitiveness.
4) The project strives for technical breakthroughs and leapfrog development while promoting the formation of new industries.
Implementation of the 12 mega-projects serves as a banner to demonstrate that S&T services national socio-economic development and leapfrog development. It constitutes another remarkable approach of S&T undertakings in the new era. It is an important step towards addressing issues raised from China’s WTO accession and the three major strategies on human resources, patents, and technical standards. It also represents significant reform and innovation in S&T planning and management. By adopting the mode of major dedicated S&T projects, it proves to be an effective way to address major issues in socio-economic development by pooling resources, redoubling efforts, and gathering strength from various stakeholders. This will introduce more breakthroughs in a shorter period of time. It is a feasible approach to embody major national strategic objectives, fully mobilize different sectors, and serve both S&T innovation and industrialization.
international seminars dedicated to developing nations
The Chinese Government has always paid great attention to S&T exchanges and cooperation among developing nations. Under the principle of equality and mutual benefits, results sharing and intellectual properties protection, the Chinese Government is willing to share development of these technologies through selected seminars so as to promote our common development in the fields of S&T and economy. In 2004,China launched 31 international seminars dedicated to developing nations, covering a variety of topics such as agriculture, energy, CAD, environment protection, medicine and etc. we have made details of these events available in this brochure and welcome the participate of friends from different countries for their own interests and needs.